Violation code

391.41APC

Medical (Certificate) - Operating a property-carrying vehicle without a valid medical certificate in possession or on file with the state drivers licensing agency when medical certification is required.

Driver Fitness1Non-OOS· SMS Appendix A v3.20

391.41APC is a Medical Certificate violation under 49 CFR §391.41APC. It falls in the Driver Fitness BASIC with a severity weight of 1/10. Nationally it was cited 79,965 times in the last five years, with an OOS rate of 97.0%.

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National roadside inspection stats

as of 6/20/2026

Inspections

79,799

that found this code

Violations

79,965

total written

OOS rate

97.0%

77,577 OOS

Source: FMCSA roadside inspection data (last 5 years). The OOS rate is the share of these violations that led the officer to mark the driver or vehicle out of service.

Violation group: Medical Certificate
Regulation §: 391.41APC
Severity weight: 1
Used in SMS: Yes
Status: Active
Updated: 6/20/2026

Last updated June 2026

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Notes

DSMS: Y | Comment: Added in 3.20 | Footnote: This violation was added to SMS with the July 25, 2025 snapshot.

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Challenging 391.41APC through FMCSA DataQs

If this violation was written incorrectly, here are the angles trucking-safety managers use to contest it. Playbook: Driver Fitness.

Relevant 49 CFR49 CFR § 391.41

Physical qualifications for drivers

“A person shall not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless he/she is physically qualified to do so and, except as provided in §391.67, has on his/her person the original, or a copy, of a medical examiner's certificate that he/she is physically qualified to drive a commercial motor vehicle.”

Common ways to challenge this code

Medical certificate was valid and on file
A valid medical examiner's certificate was in the driver's qualification file and was either not produced at roadside or not properly recognized.
Evidence that wins
- ✓Copy of the valid medical examiner's certificate
- ✓Driver qualification file index
- ✓National Registry verification printout
CDL class / endorsement was correct for the operation
The driver's CDL class and endorsements were correct for the vehicle and cargo being operated.
Evidence that wins
- ✓Copy of the valid CDL with endorsements
- ✓Vehicle registration showing GVWR/configuration
- ✓Bill of lading or shipping papers showing cargo

Common pitfalls — avoid these

⚠A medical certificate that expired the DAY of inspection still fails — there is no grace period

⚡ Draft a challenge for 391.41APC →Read the DataQs guide first

More codes in Driver Fitness

Same BASIC category — ranked by national citation volume

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Other Medical Certificate codes

Codes under the same FMCSA violation group

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Frequently asked questions about 391.41APC

What does violation 391.41APC mean?

391.41APC is the FMCSA roadside-inspection violation code for "Medical (Certificate) - Operating a property-carrying vehicle without a valid medical certificate in possession or on file with the state drivers licensing agency when medical certification is required.", part of the Medical Certificate group, cited under 49 CFR §391.41APC.

What BASIC does 391.41APC affect?

391.41APC falls under the Driver Fitness BASIC in the FMCSA Safety Measurement System (SMS).

What is the CSA severity weight of 391.41APC?

391.41APC carries a severity weight of 1 out of 10. Higher weights indicate violations more closely tied to crash risk, and they count more toward a carrier's Driver Fitness score.

Is 391.41APC an out-of-service (OOS) violation?

No. 391.41APC is not an out-of-service violation, so on its own it does not trigger an out-of-service order at the roadside.

How many CSA points does 391.41APC add to a carrier's score?

The point contribution of 391.41APC depends on its severity weight (1/10) multiplied by a time weight of 3, 2, or 1 based on how recent the inspection is. You can calculate the exact contribution with the CSA points calculator.

Can 391.41APC be challenged through DataQs?

Yes. If you believe 391.41APC was recorded in error, you can file a Request for Data Review (RDR) through the FMCSA DataQs system with supporting evidence. A successful challenge can remove or correct the violation on your record.

Keep going

CSA points calculator How to challenge a violation Draft a DataQs letter for 391.41APC Driver Fitness BASIC Carrier CSA lookup CSA glossary